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Improved Electrophysiologic Identification Technique at Surgery

Gerard A. Kaiser, MD; Albert L. Waldo, MD; P. Maynard Beach, MD; Frederick O. Bowman, Jr., MD; Brian F. Hoffman, MD; James R. Malm, MD

AMA Arch Surg. 1970;101(6):673-676.

Abstract
An electrophysiologic technique has been described to localize the atrioventricular (A-V) conduction system during cardiac surgery. The method utilizes atrial pacing with an electrode plaque to insure a supraventricular rhythm, and an electrode probe to localize the specialized A-V pathways. Atrial pacing assures unchanging antegrade conduction to the ventricles, which permits beat-to-beat observation of changes in the P-R interval or QRS configuration that might result from surgical manipulation. The anatomic course of the His bundle and bundle branches is delineated by observing a typical "His spike" during the P-R interval in the electrogram. While heart block is uncommon following repair of uncomplicated ventricular septal defect, this technique has been a distinct aid in the repair of ostium primum atrial septal defects (four cases) and fourteen other complex congenital anomalies.

Author Affiliations
New York

From the departments of surgery (Drs. Kaiser, Beach, Bowman, and Malm) and pharmacology (Drs. Waldo and Hoffman), College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and the Surgical Service, Presbyterian Hospital, New York. Dr. Waldo is a John Polachek Medical Research Fellow and Dr. Kaiser is an Otto G. Storm Established Investigator of the American Heart Association.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication July 30, 1970.

Read before the 18th scientific meeting of the International Cardiovascular Society, Chicago, June 19, 1970.

Reprint requests to 622 W 168th St, New York 10032 (Dr. Kaiser).

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ABSTRACT