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Species Differences

Lerner B. Hinshaw, PhD; Beverly K. Beller; Alvin C. K. Chang; Dayl J. Flournoy, PhD; Robert A. Lahti, PhD; Richard B. Passey, PhD; Linda T. Archer, PhD

Arch Surg. 1984;119(12):1410-1418.

Abstract
• Dogs and baboons were infused intravenously (IV) with Escherichia coli and treated with the opiate antagonist, naloxone hydrochloride, and the antibiotic, gentamicin sulfate, to determine the therapeutic efficacy of naloxone. Naloxone hydrochloride (2 mg/kg) was injected IV when one fourth of the E coli had been Infused and then infused at 2 mg/kg/hr (six hours for dogs and 12 hours for baboons). Four of five naloxone-treated dogs survived permanently (greater than seven days), while all dogs that were given only E coli died. Arterial BP, blood glucose levels, Pco₂, and Po₂ were supported at higher levels and lesions of the gastrointestinal tract were prevented In naloxone-treated dogs. A steady decline in blood glucose levels after an initial hyperglycemia was observed in naloxone-treated baboons, indications of peripheral vasoconstriction were noted, and all baboons died within 42 hours.

(Arch Surg 1984;119:1410-1418)

Author Affiliations
From the Veterans Administration Medical Center (Drs Hinshaw, Flournoy, and Archer and Ms Beller) and Departments of Physiology and Biophysics (Dr Hinshaw), Surgery (Dr Hinshaw), and Pathology (Drs Flournoy, Passey, and Archer), University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, and the CNS Disease Research Division of The Upjohn Co (Dr Lahti), Kalamazoo, Mich.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication Aug 7, 1984.

Read before the Sixth Annual Conference on Shock, Grand Teton National Park, Wyo, June 7, 1983, and the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, St Louis, April 2, 1984.

Reprint requests to Research 151-C, VA Medical Center, 921 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 (Dr Hinshaw).

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