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  Vol. 129 No. 2, February 1994 TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Synthesis Is Detrimental During Endotoxemia

Emery A. Minnard, MD; Jian Shou, MD; Hassan Naama, FRCSI; Alex Cech, MD; Hubert Gallagher, FRCSI; John M. Daly, MD

Arch Surg. 1994;129(2):142-148.


Abstract



Background
Increased production of nitric oxide has been implicated as a mediator during septic shock and sepsis syndrome. Inhibition of nitric oxide production could be beneficial during endotoxemia to improve the individual's hemodynamic status and possibly outcome.

Objective
To evaluate the effects of nitric oxide inhibition on macrophage function and survival in a murine sepsis model.

Design
Sixty-eight female Swiss-Webster (ND4) mice were injected with a sublethal dose of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (25 mg/kg).

Intervention
The treated group (n=34) received 10 mg/kg of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester at the time of lipopolysaccharide injection.

Main Outcome Measures
Blood samples and peritoneal macrophages were obtained at baseline and at 2, 4, and 8 hours after injection. Nitrite levels were measured in 36 mice from plasma and supernatant samples of cultured peritoneal macrophages stimulated with interferon gamma (100 µg/mL) for 48 hours. Thirty-two animals were observed for survival.

Results
Administration of N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester after lipopolysaccharide injection caused significant reductions in macrophage mean nitrite production from 13 and 15 µmol/L to 7 and 11 µmol/L (P<.05) and reduced mean plasma nitrite concentrations from 100 and 118 µmol/L to 46 and 108 µmol/L (P<.05) at 2 and 4 hours, respectively. The rate of survival was significantly decreased to 0% in the group receiving N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester after septic challenge compared with 87.5% in controls (P<.005).

Conclusion
Inhibition of nitric oxide production is detrimental in this murine model of endotoxemia.

(Arch Surg. 1994;129:142-148)



Author Affiliations



From the Division of Surgical Oncology, the Department of Surgery and the Harrison Department of Surgical Research, the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia. Dr Daly is now with the Department of Surgery, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY.



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