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Bedside Percutaneous Tracheostomy With Bronchoscopic Guidance in Critically Ill Patients
Luis Fernandez, MD, FICS;
Scott Norwood, MD, FCCM;
Richard Roettger, MD;
David Gass, MD, FCCP;
Harry Wilkins, III, MD
Arch Surg. 1996;131(2):129-132.
Abstract
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Background
Bedside percutaneous dilational tracheostomy, a relatively new method of tracheal cannulation, provides safe and ready access to the trachea to relieve airway obstruction and tracheopulmonary secretions. The dilational technique has undergone various modifications during the past decade. Complications of this procedure are primarily related to the lack of direct visualization during tracheostomy tube placement and to poor patient selection.
Objective
To report the utility of percutaneous dilational tracheostomy with bronchoscopic guidance in 162 critically ill patients.
Main Outcome Measures
Mortality rates and complications associated with this technique.
Results
Twenty-five patients (15.4%) died while hospitalized. No deaths were related to tracheostomy. There were four (2.5%) major complications: one pneumothorax and three posterior tracheal tears, which healed spontaneously. There were five (3.1%) minor complications: one posterior mucosal disruption, one minor bleeding episode, and three minor episodes of cellulitis. One hundred thirty-seven patients (84.6%) were discharged. Twenty-nine patients (21.2%) were available for follow-up and were experiencing no significant problems or complications following the procedure. Compared with standard open tracheostomy, charges were reduced by $1628.20 per patient ($263 768.40 total savings).
Conclusions
Bedside percutaneous tracheostomy with bronchoscopic guidance is safe and cost-effective. Complications compare favorably with that of open tracheostomy. Major complications should be avoided with continuous bronchoscopic observation during the procedure.
(Arch Surg. 1996;131:129-132)
Author Affiliations
From the Departments of Surgery (Drs Fernandez, Norwood, Roettger, and Wilkins) and Medicine (Dr Gass), Mother Frances Hospital, Tyler, Tex, and East Texas Medical Center, Tyler; Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Health Center at Tyler (Drs Fernandez and Norwood); and The Uniform Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Md (Dr Roetgger).
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