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Acceptability of Compressed Video for Remote Surgical Proctoring

Jonathan R. Hiatt, MD; M. Michael Shabot, MD; Edward H. Phillips, MD; Richard F. Haines, PhD; Terry L. Grant

Arch Surg. 1996;131(4):396-400.

Abstract
Objective
To determine the clinical acceptability of various levels of video compression for remote proctoring of laparoscopic surgical procedures.

Design
Observational, controlled study.

Setting
Community-based teaching hospital.

Participants
Physician and nurse observers.

Interventions
Controlled surgical video scenes were subjected to various levels of data compression for digital transmission and display and shown to participant observers.

Main Outcome Measures
Clinical acceptability of video scenes after application of video compression.

Results
Clinically acceptable video compression was achieved with a 1.25-megabit/second data rate, with the use of odd-screen 43.3:1 Joint Photographic Expert Group compression and a small screen for remote viewing.

Conclusion
With proper video compression, remote proctoring of laparoscopic procedures may be performed with standard 1.5-megabit/second telecommunication data lines and services.

(Arch Surg. 1996;131:396-400)

Author Affiliations
From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, Calif (Drs Hiatt, Shabot, and Phillips); Department of Surgery, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles (Drs Hiatt and Shabot); and RECOM Technologies Inc (Dr Haines) and Computational Sciences Division (Mr Grant), Ames Research Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Moffett Field, Calif.

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