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Antonio A. Limson, MD; Jose Luis J. Danguilan, MD; Romeo R. Gutierrez, MD; Ramon S. de Jesus, MD; Armando C. Crisostomo, MD; Alberto M. Roxas, MD

Arch Surg. 1999;134:323-327.

The Philippines is an archipelago of about 7000 islands, with an area about the size of England, situated just above the equator in Southeast Asia. It has a population of 70 million. The Philippines has had extensive commercial and social contact with Asian neighbors, specifically the Chinese, even before the 377 years of Spanish colonization from 1521 to 1898 and the 48 years of American rule from 1898 to 1946. More than 80% of Filipinos are Catholics; the rest are Muslims and Protestants of various denominations, including those who belong to Filipino church groups. Infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, amoebiasis, typhoid fever, and malaria are still prevalent, and arteriosclerosis, cancer, and stroke are common and on the rise.

From the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines, Manila.