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Serum Levels of Transforming Growth Factor  1 in Patients With Breast Cancer
Shyr-Ming Sheen-Chen, MD;
Han-Shiang Chen, MD;
Chih-Wei Sheen;
Hock-Liew Eng, MD;
Wei-Jen Chen, MD,MS
Arch Surg. 2001;136:937-940.
Hypothesis Transforming growth factor  1 (TGF-1) may be related to breast cancer progression.
Design Prospective study.
Setting University hospital.
Patients Sixty consecutive patients with invasive breast cancer undergoing surgery were prospectively included and evaluated. The control group consisted of 14 patients with benign breast tumors (7 with fibrocystic disease and 7 with fibroadenoma).
Intervention Venous blood samples were collected before the surgery. Sera were obtained by centrifugation and stored at –70°C until assayed. Serum concentrations of TGF-1 were measured by quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay. Data on primary tumor stage, age, estrogen receptor status, lymph node status, distant metastases, and TNM staging (according to the Union Internationale Contre le Cancer) were reviewed and recorded.
Main Outcome Measures Measurements of preoperative serum TGF-1 levels in patients with breast cancer.
Results The mean ± SD value of serum TGF-1 in patients with invasive breast cancer was 498.7 ± 249.7 pg/mL and in the control group was 495.2 ± 225.5 pg/mL (P = .96). However, there were significantly higher serum levels of TGF-1 in patients with more advanced lymph node status (P = .04), more advanced TNM stage (P = .005), and poorer histological grade (P = .02). In multivariate analysis, TNM staging (P = .02) was demonstrated to be the independent factor related to significantly higher serum levels of TGF-1.
Conclusions Patients with more advanced TNM stages were shown to have higher serum TGF-1 levels. Thus, serum TGF-1 levels may reflect the severity of invasive breast cancer.
From the Division of General Surgery, Departments of Surgery (Dr Sheen-Chen), Colorectal Surgery (Dr H.-S. Chen), and Pathology (Ms Sheen and Drs Eng and W.-J. Chen), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taiwan.
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