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Neuropeptides
Mediators of Inflammation and Tissue Repair?
Michael Schäffer, MD;
Thomas Beiter, MS;
Horst Dieter Becker, MD;
Thomas K. Hunt, MD
Arch Surg. 1998;133:1107-1116.
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INTRODUCTION
Successful repair of injured tissues requires diverse interactions between cells, biochemical mediators, and the cellular microenvironment.1-3 Much has been learned about the individual events that are involved in this process, but their integration is clearly far more complex than has been imagined, and the important role of neurogenic stimuli is only recently being recognized.
Neurogenic stimuli profoundly affect cellular events that are involved in inflammation, proliferation, and matrix, as well as cytokine and growth factor synthesis. Immune cells regulated by neuropeptides include lymphocyte subsets, macrophages, and mast cells. In addition, neuropeptides may affect the proliferative and synthetic activity of epithelial, vascular, and connective tissue cells. Furthermore, a close interaction between the nervous and the immune systems has become obvious.4
The peripheral nervous system (PNS), acting through neuropeptides, not only relays sensory information to the central nervous . . . [Full Text of this Article]
NEUROPEPTIDES OF THE PNS
Substance P Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide
EFFECTS OF NEUROPEPTIDES ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
INFLAMMATORY CELL FUNCTIONS
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes Monocytes and Macrophages T Lymphocytes Mast Cells
REGULATION OF NEUROPEPTIDE ACTIVITY
Enzymatic Catabolism Kinins Endogenous Opioids Nerve Growth Factor
NEUROPEPTIDE EFFECT ON CELL PROLIFERATION AND TISSUE REPAIR
CONCLUSIONS
From the Departments of Surgery, Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Tübingen, Germany (Drs Schäffer and Becker and Mr Beiter), and University of California at San Francisco (Dr Hunt).
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