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Stephen F. Lowry, MD
New Brunswick, NJ

Arch Surg. 2003;138:1148.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

Just as we were getting a grasp on the human genome, with all of its warts, mutations, and instability—along comes another concept to keep us captivated with the scientific (and financial) literature for years to come. This chapter in the post-Darwinian synthesis is of sufficient import to be labeled the "Breakthrough of the Year" by Science magazine.¹ One can also be assured of interest after the wide dissemination in the lay press.²

It has been known for some time that small RNA sequences could interfere (interfering RNA [iRNA]) with gene expression. This influence assumed new importance with the identification of an enzyme, the so-called dicer, that produces small RNAs from dsRNA. These small RNAs come in at least 2 flavors: siRNAs and micro-RNAs. Both species probably participate in iRNA in concert with an enzyme complex (RISC) by degrading complementary mRNAs. Such control of gene expression and . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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