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Stress and Burnout Among SurgeonsUnderstanding and Managing the Syndrome and Avoiding the Adverse Consequences
Charles M. Balch, MD;
Julie A. Freischlag, MD;
Tait D. Shanafelt, MD
Arch Surg. 2009;144(4):371-376.
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INTRODUCTION
Training for and practicing surgery are stressful endeavors.1-4 Studies5-11 involving national samples of surgeons from surgical subspecialty societies and graduates of surgical training programs suggest that burnout rates among surgeons range from 30% to 38%. These statistics indicate that a substantial number of our colleagues are struggling with personal and professional distress at a level that should be of concern to all surgeons.
Surgeons work hard, work long hours, deal regularly with life-and-death situations with their patients, and make substantial personal sacrifices to practice in their field. These attributes of surgical practice, along with the rigors and length of training for this profession, attract individuals of a particular character and determination. These individuals share an unwritten but understood code of rules, norms, and expectations. This code includes coming in early and staying late, working nights and weekends, performing . . . [Full Text of this Article]
STRESS AMONG SURGEONS
DEPRESSION AND SUICIDE
ALCOHOL AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE
DIVORCE AMONG PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS
BURNOUT: WHAT IS IT?
CONSEQUENCES OF SURGEON BURNOUT
INCIDENCE OF STRESS AND BURNOUT AMONG SURGICAL SPECIALTIES
General Surgeons Surgical Oncologists Transplantation Surgeons Head and Neck Surgeons
WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF BURNOUT?
WELLNESS
NEED FOR MORE RESEARCH
CONCLUSIONS
AUTHOR INFORMATION
Author Affiliations: Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, Maryland (Drs Balch and Freischlag); and Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (Dr Shanafelt).
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