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W. J. KOLFF, MD
Department of Surgery The University of Utah College of Medicine Salt Lake City

AMA Arch Surg. 1971;103(5):656.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

To the Editor.—Good people often reinvent a procedure that has already been invented, when there is a need for it and when the times are ripe for it. This is true for the procedure described by Dr. John C. Norman,¹ and also described by Drs. J. Kent Trinkle and Lester R. Bryant.² To the best of our knowledge, Dr. William Chardack and coworkers³ were the first to describe the method of transapical left ventricular bypass.⁴ He also presented it before the North American Chapter of the International Cardiovascular Society in 1966. He proved that a left ventricle decompressed with a special kind of double lumen cannula could be more easily defibrillated.

Not having seen his article, two men in our department, Drs. Alex Kralios and Clifford S. Kwan-Gett, independently reinvented the method. Their aim was to apply it in patients dying from cardiogenic shock, particularly . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

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