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LINWOOD D. KEYSER, M.D.

Arch Surg. 1923;6(2):525-553.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

In a recent study of the literature on the etiology of urinary lithiasis and closely related subjects, the conclusions reached after careful analysis may be summarized briefly, thus:

1. The problem of calculus formation in the urinary tract is one of chemical precipitation. The mechanism which causes the precipitation of urates, oxalates, phosphates, and so forth, in such a way that a fused hard concretion arises, rather than the deposition of individual crystals which maintain a state of isolation in passing through the urinary tract must be determined.
   
2. Differences in reaction, as determined by the hydrogen ion concentration, and qualitative and quantitative changes in the urinary colloids (such as pigments, mucin, nebecula, albumin, and nucleo-albumin), have been shown to influence the nature of urinary sediments both chemically and physically. The microscopic and gross features of calculi would seem to show that an abnormal variation of these factors is at
   

Author Affiliations
Fellow in the Mayo Foundation ROCHESTER, MINN.

Footnotes
Abridgment of thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Minnesota in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Pathology. The work was done in the Section of Experimental Surgery of the Mayo Foundation and the Section of Urology of the Mayo Clinic.

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