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Components and Surgical Implications

ALBERT KUNTZ, Ph.D., M.D.; HENRY H. HOFFMAN, Ph.D.; LEONARD M. NAPOLITANO, Ph.D.

AMA Arch Surg. 1957;75(1):108-115.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

The cephalic sympathetic nerves have been adequately described anatomically. They are derived chiefly through the internal and external carotid and the vertebral nerves and plexuses. According to current concepts, the preganglionic fibers concerned are included in the thoracolumbar outflow and make synaptic connections predominantly in the cervical sympathetic trunk. Ganglia occur frequently in the internal carotid plexus.^2,5,11 A single small ganglion in the external carotid plexus near the origin of the facial artery has also been reported.¹⁰ It has been assumed quite generally that preganglionic fibers reach these ganglia through rami that extend cephalad from the superior cervical sympathetic trunk ganglion and through the plexus on the common carotid artery.

Adequate data relative to the frequency, size, and distribution of ganglia in the internal carotid nerve and plexus are wanting. According to Mitchell,¹² macroscopic ganglia occur only infrequently. He has observed microscopic ganglia at various levels along . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
St. Louis

Fellow, Life Insurance Medical Research Fund (Dr. Napolitano).; From the Department of Anatomy, St. Louis University School of Medicine.; Dr. Kuntz died Jan. 19, 1957.

Footnotes
Submitted for publication Jan. 18, 1957.

Supported by U. S. P. H. S. Grant-666.

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