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DEAN K. CRYSTAL, MD; SHERMAN W. DAY, MD; CLYDE L. WAGNER, MD; ANDREW J. MARTINIS, MD; JOHN J. OWEN, MD; PAUL E. WALKER, MD

AMA Arch Surg. 1964;88(1):122-127.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

There is a theoretical ideal to be achieved in the construction of a simple, practical membrane oxygenator. Direct contact between blood and oxygen common to many current artificial lungs is unphysiologic and entails the obvious possibility of air embolism in addition to suspected but not well-defined damage to blood elements at gas-fluid interfaces.¹ Contemporary membrane oxygenators^2-4 necessitate relatively high pressure pumping of venous blood into sandwich-like devices which must use membranes which are undesirably thick. In all of the currently employed machines the primary problem would appear to be that of securing enough contact between blood and oxygen without excessive recurrent damage to the blood which must be returned to the patient's systemic circulation.

Our primary intent has been to employ membrane substances which are as thin as possible. As suggested by Crescenzi^5,6 and Kylstra,⁷ these require that only gravity flow be used to avoid rupture . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
SEATTLE

From the Pacific Northwest Research Foundation, Children's Orthopedic Hospital and Medical Center, Swedish Hospital.

Footnotes
Read before the 11th Scientific Meeting of the International Cardiovascular Society, North American Chapter, Atlantic City, NJ, June 15, 1963.

Supported by Washington State Heart Association and United Good Neighbors, Seattle.

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